The Four Levels Of Training Evaluation Is Defined As A...

Kirkpatrick’s Four Levels of training evaluation is defined as a technique for evaluating training programs, created by Donald Kirkpatrick in 1959. The Kirkpatrick model is the worldwide standard for evaluating the effectiveness of training. The four levels of this technique incorporate assurance of how learners respond to the learning procedure, the achievement of skill acquisition by learners, the degree to which workplace behavior after the training demonstrates skill acquisition, and quantifiable outcomes, including expanded profits or decreasing any defects observed. Donald Kirkpatrick, Professor Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin and past president of the American Society for Training and Development (ASTD), initially†¦show more content†¦This evaluation technique is defined as a detailed study of a market or geographical area to gather data on the attitudes, impressions, opinions, satisfaction level and etc. by targeting and polling a section of the people . Surveys are low cost and also very effective as long as the participant is unbiased. Surveys can be administered to the participants through a various number of ways. The questionnaires can be simple and sent by email or through the Internet, which is easily accessible. Online surveys have quickly become a popular way of gathering data and conducing surveys. It is also extremely convenient and does not take up much time. The surveys should have only relevant questions that reflect the training that was just conducted. It should also be conducted right after the training when the trainees are still sure about what they have experienced. If the survey is handed to them too late, the data collected could differ. Simple questions should be asked with a â€Å"yes or no† option as well as a 1 to 10 rating scale. At the end of the survey, there should be an open-ended box where the trainees are able to freely write how they feel about the training as well as what can be improved. Learning This is when the organization measures what the trainees have learned and how much has their knowledge has expanded as an outcome of the training. At the start of the training session, there should be a specific list of learning objectives. These points should beShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Musculoskeletal Palpation On Athletic Training Programs1047 Words   |  5 Pagespalpation is taught in many athletic training programs. Oftentimes, the focus is on accuracy of surface anatomy landmarks instead of the ability to discriminate qualitative information such as, tissue tone, spasm, or pain response from the soft tissue. Palpation is a large foundation for evaluation and intervention, a need to further the development of this skill exists. Due to this the integration of tasks to improve palpation skills throughout athletic training curriculum may help improve studentRead MoreTraining in Human Resource Management1271 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor Marler- Mgt 514 Spring 2012 Mgt 514-Prof Marler Agenda Definition of training Case :Leading Change at Simmons ï‚â€" Is training a good investment? ï‚â€" ï‚â€" ââ€" ¦ Training evalution ââ€" ¦ General vs Specific Training ï‚â€" How to design an effective training program â€Å"HR Model and Training† Training is a big business ï‚â€" How much do you think organizations with 100+ employees spend on training annually? ââ€" ¦ $60 billion ï‚â€" Is it worth it? How much of that do you think gets used on theRead More Assessing Teachers’ Effectiveness Essay1376 Words   |  6 PagesThe techniques used in evaluating effectiveness of teachers have changed over time together with the definition of effective teaching. These changes have been brought by increased federal and state supervision of accountability of teachers both in schools and in class. Most researchers concede that good teaching is crucial and a key factor in improving students performance. However, researchers have not agreed on the best way of measuring teachers’ effectiveness, because there is no consensus onRead MoreCareer Development Plan Summary1639 Words   |  7 Pagesintroduce five new positions to the team, the implementation of a new training program, evaluation process, incentive/benefit package, compensation, and career development strategies to supplement these new positions. New Team Development Until this point in time, the finance department has sustained five team members. Two members have been assigned to maintain accounts receivable, two other members to accounts payable, and a first level manager who maintains the general ledger functions of the accountingRead MoreApex Door Company1525 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Training is futile if the trainee lacks the ability or motivation to benefit from it. (Dessler, 2005, p. 271) The performance management approach integrates assignments, training, assessing and rewarding employees efforts contributory efforts for goal achievement and influences organizational effectiveness. Training can be an effective means of enhancing employees abilities, and to increase emotional intelligence. (George and Jones, 2005, p. 60) Accurate assessment of employeeRead MoreApex Door Company Training Development Essay1583 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION Training is futile if the trainee lacks the ability or motivation to benefit from it. 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The point factor method is where an organization pinpoints the compensable factors and breaksRead MoreTypes and Significance of Evaluation of Training Program4376 Words   |  18 PagesASSIGNMENT # 1 Types and significance of evaluation of training program INTRODUCTION Training is vital for any and every organization. With the changing socio-economic and technological relevance of training, the definitions, scope, methods and evaluation of training program have also changed. One of the earlier classic definitions of training is ‘bringing lasting improvement in skills in jobs’. The present day definitions take a multi-dimensional perspective enveloping the needs of individualsRead MoreRESEARCH PAPER FINAL DRAFT HRDV 56105061 Words   |  21 Pagesï » ¿ Designing an Active Training Sales Program for Wellbridge Clubs Sales Staff Dawnita Blackmon-Mosely Tiaunna Connelly Elizabeth Davis Jesus Elias Jaimi Faux Michael Morris Rodney Ulibarri Webster University Abstract The purpose of this project was to develop a training program for Wellbridge Clubs that focused on teaching sales staff to sell personal training (PT) packages to members, in order to increase Wellbridge sales. The training agenda was designed based on Silberman’s (2006)Read MoreLiterature Review on Training and Development8683 Words   |  35 Pagesthe human resources (HR) and their training and development structure that can work well and blend together. The stress on human resource training and development (HR Tamp;D) to provide strategic and cost efficient training services for employees has never been higher.Employee performance expectation keeps rising while the economic recession has caused training budget to shrink causing the Human Resource Training and Development unit to do more with less. Training and Development helps in optimizing

What Makes a Hero - 1664 Words

English 1B 17 March 2011 What Makes A Hero What makes a hero? Saving a puppy from a burning building? Or what about being a single mother raising three kids and working two jobs? Both of these could be good candidates for heroes since they both possess the characteristic of strength—not just physical strength, but mental strength. This is one of the most important traits of a hero but it is not the only one. Courage, intelligence, and morality are also necessary in order to really get penciled in to the â€Å"hero† category. Being a hero also means doing what’s right almost all the time, even when no one is looking. So that guy who just happened to be in the right place at the right time gets the rubber end while the hard-working mother who†¦show more content†¦Therefore, Nora seems to be a hardworking woman when she has to be, however her doll-like life has never had severe consequences and at the first sign it might, she flees. She flees after a heated argument with Torvald at night, not even giving it a night’s rest to really think about her decision further and consider other options. When Torvald askes her what about the children, she tells Torvald: â€Å"I have another duty equally sacred†¦my duty to myself† (Isben, 1076). It is one of the worst things a mother could do to leave her children without a caretaker, even if she was not much of one to begin with. Nora shows a lack of courage by not sticking it out since a true hero would have stayed and tried to work something out that would not be so damaging to the family. Unlike Nora, a character who actually sacrifices herself for her family throughout the story is Mama, from A Raisin in the Sun, a play by Lorraine Hansberry. From the beginning, it is apparent that Mama is the type of woman who dedicates her time to taking care of her children and grandchild. This self-sacrificing woman only wants the best for her family however the oppression of the ghetto threatens to tear them ap art. Mama decides to purchase a home in an all-white community with a portion of her deceased husband’s life insurance policy in an attempt for a freshShow MoreRelatedWhat Makes A Hero Or Hero?812 Words   |  4 Pagesthat man may be, in essence, a hero. Because of this stereotypical â€Å"hero†, we do not see the real heroes in life. What really IS a hero or heroine? A hero is what we make of them, although some are undeserving of this title. We make a hero. You, me, society; we all make heroes. We give them this title. Heroes are role models, and role models, in my eyes, should possess three very significant qualities. Courage, humbleness, and morality; these form a hero. The classic hero. Ah, he’s brave and bold. HeRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero?1168 Words   |  5 PagesSuperman, Abraham Lincoln, Gandhi, what do these three have in common? They’re all heroes. But what truly is a hero? Is it one who wins independence for his country, or one that helps an old lady cross the street? And should we aspire to be like this person? Using Brecht’s Life of Galileo, Beethoven’s Heiligenstadt Testament and Plato’s Allegory of the Cave, we’ll attempt to answer that question. A hero typically in today’s culture is considered as someone who is admired for his courage and otherRead MoreWhat Makes a Hero?1209 Words   |  5 PagesWhat is a Hero? What is a hero? What makes him or her different from everyone else? In Phillip Zimbardo’s article â€Å"What Makes a Hero?† he states that heroes surround us. One in five or 20 percent of people qualify as heroes. Seventy-two percent of people report helping another person in a dangerous emergency. Sixteen percent report whistle blowing on an injustice. Six percent report sacrificing for a non-relative or stranger and fifteen percent report defying an unjust authority (1). AlthoughRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero?934 Words   |  4 Pages Most people have theories on what makes a hero a hero. Many authors over time have created books, comics and so forth on heroes and what they feel makes them the hero. There are also the ancient legends and myths from all over the world. So what is it that makes them a hero? Well Joseph Campbell has a pretty good outline of what he thinks should define a hero. A hero is a person who in some way breaks the molds of a normal human being. Their wisdom, courage, and durability ect. exceedsRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero? Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesA true hero is oneself who is compassionate and able to lift the pain of the world without suffering. Some hero’s are not real people while some are fantasy creatures. The word hero is known as someone who is strong, brave and has courage. Heroes can be defined as people who take up challenges in situations for the sake of their fellow being. Heroism is no matter the obstacle that come your way, the needs of you or someone else has to be fulfilled. Heros endure hardship and they learn about valuableRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero?1541 Words   |  7 Pages What is a hero? Is it superman? Is it your mom or dad? Is it your teacher? There are many people that are considered heroes. Some are just every day people, and some are super-human. Characteristics of heroes vary from era to era. Now people who are just simply a good person are considered a hero. But, back in ancient times to become a hero took much more. It took honesty, wisdom, and in some cases, wealth and superhuman abilities. With time new stories and beliefs are uncovered. In ancientRead MoreWhat Makes A Hero?1722 Words   |  7 PagesBatman.† That is a typical response from a preschooler if they are asked what they want to be when they grow up. However, heroes are not always wearing capes. They can simply be an Indian man that changed his mindset into something more inspirational. There is one thing that Superman and a policeman have in common. They are both heroes. No matter how different the fields are, they are brave, helpful, and hardworking. A hero can be someone known for courageous achievements. They are normally men,Read MoreWhat Makes A Hero?1115 Words   |  5 PagesWhat makes someone a hero? The usual response someone would give is courage, bravery, and honor. But one of the most important aspects than all of those things combined is humility. This is a characteristic of Achilles personality that has not been learned yet. Although will later on thanks to a journey that will befall him. Learning that there is more to life than pride. One of the most important things to Achilles is his pride and this is shown in the line â€Å"mother since you bore me for a shortRead MoreHero Essay : What Makes A Hero A Hero?832 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Makes a Hero a Hero? As I have recently sat down with my grandmother, Mary, I asked her questions about a hero and herself being a hero. My grandmother has such an impact on me in daily life along with being a personal hero to me. She is such an inspiration to me in so many ways that I could never think of taking for granted. I chose my grandmother as my hero because of obstacles I have faced, she was the one to show me the love and support I was in need of at the time. Mary shows theRead MoreWhat Makes A True Hero?1546 Words   |  7 Pages What inspires writers to create unique heroic figures in their fantasy stories and action movies? Is it from their own imagination or is from what they see in real life, and an addition of their own imagination? Well it is certainly what they see in real life and their imagination. However, it is reasonable to say those writers have used too much of their imagination, to communicate through a piece of writing or film, of who a true hero is and what a true hero does. The excessive usage of imagination

Pyramid Principle Exercise Essay Example For Students

Pyramid Principle Exercise Essay Name: Janice Clarke-Grant Subject: GB512 Business Communication Instructor: Dr Rand Fandrich Paragraph Exercise The paragraph is scrambled. Your assignment is to revise it for clarity and flow. You will then write a paragraph explaining why you made the changes you made. Original Learn as much as possible about the biases, education, age, status, style, and personal and professional concerns of your receivers. An audience-centered approach involves understanding and respecting the members of your audience and making every effort to get your message across in a way that is meaningful to them. This ability to relate to the needs of others is a key part of emotional intelligence, which is widely considered to be a vital characteristic of successful managers and leaders. If you’re addressing people you dont know and you’re unable to find out more about them, try to project    yourself into their position by using common sense and imagination. The more you know about the people you’re communicating with, the easier it will be to concentrate on their needs, which will make it easier for them to hear your message, understand it, and respond positively. This approach is also known as adopting the â€Å"you† attitude, in contrast to messages that are about â€Å"me. † Revised An audience-centered approach involves understanding and respecting the members of your audience and making every effort to get your message across in a way that is meaningful to them. This approach is also known as adopting the â€Å"you† attitude, in contrast to messages that are about â€Å"me. †    Learn as much as possible about the biases, education, age, status, style, and personal and professional concerns of your receivers. If you’re addressing people you dont know and you’re unable to find out more about them, try to project yourself into their position by using common sense and imagination. The more you know about the people you’re communicating with, the easier it will be to concentrate on their needs, which will make it easier for them to hear your message, understand it, and respond positively. My changes were based on sticking to the rules of effective business writing outlined in Chapter 1 by Flood * Know your audience * BLOT (Bottom Line on Top) * DAB (Detail Analysis Background The main objective of the paragraph was to explain to the audience what† an audience centered approach† entailed. This should be stated in the opening line so your reader immediately gets your attention and understand what you are attempting to talk about. Say exactly what you mean with clarity. The writer should then lead right into giving detailed analysis background about the subject matter showing their expertise and writing with organization, proper grammar and punctuation. Finally the writer should end with a reiteration of the opening sentence.

Monggo Essay Example

Monggo Essay â€Å"Everybody loves chocolate† Just like everyone else, you’ll probably think that good chocolate comes from countries like Belgia or Swiss. Yes that’s right, but not entirely true. Indonesia is the second largest cocoa producing country in the world, and the quality is so fine that most of it is exported around the world. Indonesia has the perfect temperature and climate condition to grow the most excellent cocoa beans. Indonesia’s cocoa has very strong aroma and high content of nutrients. Unfortunately, not many Indonesians know about this and only few local chocolate companies have been successful in their businesses. The purpose of our marketing plan is to turn Monggo, an authentic local chocolate brand; into the no. 1 preferred brand for dark chocolate not only in its own country – Indonesia but also in the world. As a start, we will focus our marketing strategies on building strong brand equity inside the country first. They include: 1. Product innovation to attract new market segments: children, youngsters, businesses, and health conscious people 2. Buzz, event, and experience marketing strategies to raise more awareness on dark chocolate and Monggo brand. 3. Sustainable CSR programs for image building We believe that through the right marketing strategies, nothing is impossible; that Monggo can be recognized as a high-quality dark chocolate brand from Indonesia. The marketing budget will be approximately 20% of 100% estimated sales generated. 1 DARK IS BETTER 1. Company Summary Monggo Chocolate was envisioned by Burhan and Edo and Thierry. We will write a custom essay sample on Monggo specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Monggo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Monggo specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Being a Belgian, Thierry posses the technique for creating great chocolates, whereas Edo and Burhan’s creativity and management skills helped the venture to kick off. Monggo was established in 2005. All products are made of dark chocolate (100% cocoa butter) with no added preservatives. Its products vary from regular bars, souvenir bars, pralines, seasonal events bars, hotel and restaurants bars, and chocolate flakes which are also blended with flavors such as caramel and praline. The word â€Å"Monggo† means â€Å"please† in Javanese and is often used by the natives along with a thumb gesture. This little word seemed so representative of the Javanese culture, the city of Yogyakarta and a perfect name for their chocolate. Presently, Monggo chocolate has expanded to other big cities in Indonesia such as Jakarta, Semarang, and Bali. Its sales points mainly include high-end convenience and department stores. Despite its uniqueness and high quality, Monggo lacks major marketing activities and has yet to tap to it’s full potential of growth and brand awareness. . Current Analysis (The 4 Ps) A. Product Monggo uses Indonesian original dark chocolate and has been quite creative in its products’ shapes, flavors and customization (based on seasonal events). The Monggo Chocolate main differentiations are: High quality dark chocolate: All chocolates are made without any added sugar or preservatives; and only use 100% pure cocoa butter (very hi gh quality). Handmade with Belgian technique: Chocolates are hand made in a home industry of around fifty workers (mostly Yogyakartan women). Highlighting local culture: All packagings have traditional Javanese appeal and tone and made of recycled paper with images such as Borobudur temple. 100% Indonesia: All ingredients are supplied from Indonesia to provide unique local such as ginger, orange, and organic â€Å"mete† bean flavors. 2 DARK IS BETTER B. Price Monggo Chocolate sets its price to target the middle to high end customers. Here are the prices list of Chocolate Monggos’ regular products: 40gr Chocolate @IDR 13,000; Caramello, Praline, Dark, Strawbery, and White 0gr Chocolate @IDR 34,000;Dark 69%, Mete Bean Organic, Macadamia 80gr Chocolate @IDR 25,000; Dark 57%, Ginger, Mete, Praline, and Raisin. C. Promotion Until now, Chocolate Monggo has barely done any promotions on the media. Monggo depends on free press and media coverage such as: Cosmo Girl magazi ne, Jakarta Post and Daily Jakarta Shimbun. Marketing activities done are limited to: Below the line: giving out free samples at weekends in the beginning of the launching period selling seasonal packages in bundle (cheaper). Above the line: having a group page in facebook, website and blog (which is moderately updated). D. Place Originating from Yogyakarta, Monggo is sold widely in the city starting from its own store to mini marts, high-end cafe, hotels, restaurants, and even pharmacies. In other big cities, sales are limited to high-end stores, targeting the niche market. For example in Jakarta, it is exclusively sold in Ranch Market, Batik Keris, Circle K, etc. 3 DARK IS BETTER 3. CUSTOMER ANALYSIS Through intensive observation data gathering, it’s found that: DEMOGRAPHIC Male female 21 – 45 years Young adults – elder people Middle level – upper level income Families, executives, students, tourists PSYCHOGRAPHIC Mature stable Appreciate local culture Have penchant for rather dark chocolate Loves travelling adventurous Open to try new things Health conscious BEHAVIORAL Tourist who looks for something traditional to bring back home Adults who tend to opt for chocolates that represent themselves family consumption for share Impulsive buyers . COMPETITOR ANALYSIS Although Indonesia is the second largest cocoa producing country in the world, famous chocolate brands there are mostly foreign and machines manufactured. Monggo chocolate is hand made using a fine selection of Javanese and Sumatran cocoa beans and pure cocoa butter. Thanks to this rare characteristic, Monggo Chocolate can easily stand out from the rest of the competitors. 4 DARK IS BETTER The classification of Monggo Chocolate? s competition is divided into four levels: Level 1: Product Form competition â€Å"Dark chocolate† Level 2: Product Category competition â€Å"Chocolate† Level 3: Generic competition â€Å"Assortments† Level 4: Budget competition (IDR â€Å"Food 10. 000 – and IDR Entertainment† 40. 000) To narrow the scope, analysis is focused on level one and level two competition which share very similar traits of Monggo’s product offerings, namely: â€Å"Dark chocolate? , most likely with high quality and â€Å"Chocolate? in general. Competitors Profile 1. Homemade: Dapur Cokelat (http://www. dapurcokelat. com/) Founded in 2001, Dapur Cokelat now has seven stores located in Jakarta and Surabaya. Dapur Cokelat is similar to Chocolate Monggo in terms of having their own outlets with traditional Indonesian store interior such as Wayang pictures on the wall; and a modern website for online order. Main differentiations between the two are: Dapur Cokelat uses Belgian chocolate as its main ingredient Dapur Cokelat is more popular for its various cakes compared to its chocolates Dapur Cokelat targets middle to upper-class market (price range: IDR 6000 per praline) 5 DARK IS BETTER 2. Mass Produced Chocolates: Local Brands i. Silver Queen (milk chocolate bar with macadamia nuts, medium price, targeted for youngsters, sold widely at supermarkets and convenience stores) ii. Choki-choki (choco paste, popular among kids, sold widely at supermarkets and convenience stores, cheap (from IDR 1000 to IDR 2500 per stick)) Foreign chocolate brands: Cadbury, Nestle (Kit-Kat), Kraft Foods (Toblerone and Milka), Delfi, Guylian, and Ferrero (Rocher) are only some of the popular brands sold widely in the country. These local and foreign chocolate brands differ from Monggo because: Mass-produced in factories using machines (Monggo is handmade) Rely heavily on advertisements, price, and distribution strategies Use preservatives and other chemical in its production Widely available (easy access) Serve a large market and compete fiercely in it (Monggo serves a niche market) Tabel 1. Price Comparison BRAND NAME Monggo (58% and 69% cacao) Toblerone Frey Supreme Noir (85% cacao) Whitakers Dark Lindt Excellence (70% cacao) Silver Queen 40 GMS IDR 13. 000 80 GMS IDR 25. 00 34. 000 100 GMS ABOVE IDR 21. 600 IDR 35. 600 IDR 55. 800 (250 gr) IDR 42. 600 IDR 15. 200 IDR 9. 000 IDR 10. 200 IDR 9. 400 (54 gr) Cadbury IDR 7. 800 IDR 14. 500 IDR 30. 400 6 DARK IS BETTER 5. SWOT Analysis STRENGTH ? Very high quality dark chocolate without any preservatives or added sugar (100% cocoa butter, all organic, high percentage of cocoa) ? Unique because of strong Indonesian cultural identity (very Javanese) ? B elgian technique and handmade (exclusive) (manually selecting best cocoa beans) ? A comprehensive website – www. chocolatemonggo. om and blog uniquely designed in line with its concept ? Recycled paper packaging that is ecofriendly OPPORTUNITY ? High willingness to support and try local products (patriotism) ? Create more product extensions ? Target new market segments ? Potential to be the first local chocolate brand leader in Indonesia, even globally in the future WEAKNESS ? Lack of innovative promotions as it barely creates advertisement on printed and electronic media. Even Indonesian locals are still not familiar with the brand â€Å"Monggo†. Narrow target market Brand awareness is relatively low Monggo chocolate sales (esp. n Jakarta) are still very low as compared to other chocolate brands due to its high price and rather mundane packaging Lack of awareness of the superiority and benefits of dark chocolate. ? ? ? ? THREAT ? Fierce competition among existingchoco late brands in Indonesia. ? Risk of being imitated by new local chocolate brand in terms of its innovative products and promotions. ? Perception that good chocolate usually comes only abroad, such as Belgia or Swiss causing negative/weak perception on Indonesia’s local chocolate brand II. MARKETING STRATEGIES 1. Consumer Perception Current consumer perception: â€Å"All chocolate is generic† (Dark chocolate has no significant difference with milk or white chocolate) â€Å"Fine chocolate only comes from countries like Belgia and Swiss† Proposed perception: â€Å"Dark chocolate is superior than other chocolate and good for health† (anti-oxidant, prevent heart disease, anti-aging*) â€Å"Indonesian dark chocolate is one of the finest dark chocolates in the world† â€Å"Monggo is the best handmade dark chocolate from Indonesia† 7 DARK IS BETTER 2. Marketing Objectives Indonesia consumers still have a weak perception towards local chocolate brand merely because the lack of awareness about its high quality. However, their high sense of patriotism makes them very supportive and willing to try if exposed by local brands; especially if the brands are of high quality – words will travel very fast. Therefore it is a huge opportunity for Monggo to succeed considering its fine quality. Having this analysis information in mind, it is wise to focus our marketing strategies on three objectives: 1. Expand Monggo’s current target market 2. Create product innovations to cater those new target markets 3. Create new promotional activities to raise brand awareness among local people at the same time educate them about dark chocolate 3. Segmentation The market will prevail with its existing segment which is middle to upper segment. 4. Target Market We see a huge potential to broaden the target markets to children, youngsters (because there’s lack of product innovation for children and youngsters), adults (general and tourists), health conscious people and other businesses. Current target market: Young adults to elder people; 21 to 45 years of age (a bit unclear) Future target market: i. ii. iii. iv. v. Children (5 to 14 years) Youngsters Adults (especially tourists) Health conscious Business consumption (B2B) 8 DARK IS BETTER 5. Positioning â€Å"Monggo is a high-quality handmade dark chocolate from Indonesia suitable for all ages and targeted for middle to upper market† 6. Monggo Integrated Marketing Plan Diagram 6. 1. Product Innovation All of Monggo’s current product portfolios don’t really have a specific target market. All chocolates are designed with similar characteristics and only differ in flavor or size; thus leading to a weak product and brand recognition. Due to its mundane offerings, consumers often prefer other brands that stand out more and have clearer target markets. Through product innovation; Monggo’s product portfolios will be clearly classified into several markets (children, youngsters, adults, health conscious, and businesses). A. CHILDREN Objectives: To widen Monggo’s target market to children (age 5 to 14) MonggoKidz 9 DARK IS BETTER Concept: Sell small chocolate candies inside a (gumball-machine-like) chocolate jar. Out of a hundred of colorful chocolate candies, ten will be wrapped in Golden color. Children who are lucky can exchange the golden wrapper for gifts. MonggoKidz is small chocolate candies with colorful wrappers stored in a gumball machine- like container. The chocolate candies will be in forms of chocolate balls with wafer inside, as big as marbles. The price will be affordable as much as IDR 1. 000 per candy in compliance with Indonesian children’s buying power. The containers can be put at school canteens, malls, supermarkets, minimarkets, indoor playground, indoor theme park, etc. To attract children’s attention and encourage repeat purchases; Monggo will provide around special ten GOLDENwrapper-candies every a hundred regular candies sold inside the container. If you get the golden chocolate candy, you are entitled to exchange it with special gifts such as: teddy bear, school bag, pencil case, diary, etc (all of which have Monggo logo and design). The brand name â€Å"MonggoKidz† will be more highlighted and considered as a brand specially designed for kids. Unlike other Monggo products, MonggoKidz will have colorful packaging, cheaper price, sweeter taste, cute esign packaging, include the element of games and prizes to attract children. The usage of the word â€Å"Monggo† in MonggoKidz will raise brand awareness most likely through word of mouth. When the lucky children got their gifts, most likely they will spread the news to their friends. Since the gifts will have â€Å"MonggoKidz† brand and logo on them, this will also increa se brand recognition and awareness too. 10 DARK IS BETTER Crayolate Concept: Sell dark chocolates in attractive shapes (crayon) and colorful packaging. Children are very attracted to bright colors, and shapes that are distinctive and unusual. CRAYOLATE or crayon chocolate are safe to eat crayonshaped chocolates; six different colors available in each box of crayolate. Sold at IDR 25. 000 due to the distinctiveness it offers, targeting the medium to upper level of income families’ kids. B. YOUNGSTERS Objective: To attract youngsters by offering funny and interesting labels on Monggo Chocolate packaging. Involving youngsters in the design plan (through an online contest) will increase design accuracy, spread worth of mouth, and raise brand awareness. â€Å"You Name It! † (In informal Bahasa: â€Å"Namain aja! †) Concept: â€Å"You Name It! chocolate edition is sold in packages and targeted for youngsters. Each package consists of either 6 or 12 small squared-shape chocolate bars with funny names on them. The names will be selected carefully through an online contest conducted over Facebook and Twitter conducted twice in a year (semi annual basis). In the contest, youngsters are invited to contribute on e name each person to Monggo and 12 winners (overall) will be rewarded with cash prizes worth IDR 1 million each. Not only that, the 12 winners’ names suggestion will be used and the package will be sold in reality. The best approach to attract youngsters is through humour as they are more responsive to it. The â€Å"You Name It! † chocolate 11 DARK IS BETTER edition is intended to be the funniest chocolate sold in the country; the names will vary from (for example) â€Å"The Nosepicker†, â€Å"The Heart-breaker† or â€Å"The Nerd†. The chocolate will be sold in a package of either 6 or 12 small chocolate bars so that youngsters can share among each other and laugh about it. These names will be felt very spot-on to youngsters since they are in a stage of self-discovery. Youngsters usually buy products that they think will represent who they want to be perceived. â€Å"You Name It! † chocolate edition will allow them to be creative and tell us who they really are. In the contest; not only will they be exposed to the brand Monggo, they will also have a positive association with Monggo brand as being humorous, friendly, and youthful. Sold at IDR 25. 000 and IDR 47. 000 respectively, rather expensive but tend to encourage purchase for sharing consumption and large sizes. C. ADULTS Objective: To create product variations, target family consumption, and improve sales. Give a friendly touch to Monggo product variations (very warm, close and for share) â€Å"Family Label† Edition Concept: Monggo Chocolate will create a special package for family with intention to share. The package will be exclusively designed with â€Å"homey? character with the home-shaped box with 2 choices (20cm x 30cm or 10cm x 20cm) contains smaller chocolate bars with family names on each of it. For instance, the names are â€Å"Father† â€Å"Mother† â€Å"Daughter† â€Å"Son† â€Å"Aunt† â€Å"Uncle† all written in both English (back side) and classic common Javanese (front side). Sold at IDR 25. 000 and IDR 47. 000 respectively, rather expensive but tend to encourage purchase for sharing consumption and large sizes. 12 DARK IS BETTER D. B2B (Business as Ingredients) Objectives: To target a new market segments – Businesses (B2B). Monggo will only focus on a niche market of exclusive restaurants, cafes, airlines (Garuda Indonesia), confectionaries, bakeries, and hotels. â€Å"Chocolate as Ingredient† Concept: Monggo will provide wide range of chocolate products using its highest quality raw materials from Indonesia to serve other businesses. Monggo will have a stronger brand image to customers who exposed to the menu book with Monggo name on it. Making use of our established production, this time Monggo will target business partners. Emphasizing its superior quality product and its Belgian technique; surely it will be easier for Monggo to win the hearts of professional chefs. Monggo’s B2B products include: Chocolate Compound, Chocolate Coating, Chocolate Dipping, Chocolate Filling Paste, Cocoa Powder, Chocolate Chips, Chocolate Sticks, Chocolate Rice and Decorative Chocolate. All products will be targeted to high-end businesses and thus charged at a higher price. The cafe and restaurants should already have reputable name. In return, the cafe and restaurants should insert the words â€Å"by Monggo? beside the dessert/beverage name on the menu book. We are confident that Jakarta is the perfect city in where this plan should commence considering its high buying power and its hedonistic lifestyle. All packaging will be made elegant, simple, and still uniquely Indonesian. are 6. 2. PROMOTION AND EVENTS Buzz marketing To create a buzz (word of mouth) among all Monggo’s target . market, educate the consumers about dark chocolate, and raise brand awareness of the fine quality of the brand Monggo. 13 DARK IS BETTER Concept: To place a big board (like a poster but thicker) full of hundreds of small chocolate bars (5 grams each) attached to it. Everyone is allowed to take the chocolate; there’s a sentence â€Å"Ayo Diicip!? (Traditional Bahasa of à ¢â‚¬Å"Eat me!? ) on every chocolate bar. People can see a big advertisement of Monggo on the board when the chocolates are all gone (taken by people). A board (landscape 2 meter x 0. meter) with a big Monggo chocolate picture on it will be covered with hundreds of small chocolate bars until the picture is unseen. This buzz marketing will be done only on weekends (Saturday and Sunday) when it is the most crowded. Each buzz location (each mall? s food court) will last for 4 weeks (a month). Malls we target in Jakarta: Senayan City, Plasa Senayan, Pacific Place, Grand Indonesia, Pondok Indah Mall, and Taman Anggrek Mall; in Yogyakarta: Ambarukmo Plaza; in Surabaya: Pakuwon Trade Center (all very crowded and popular-middle-to-upper malls). Each buzz location (each mall’s food court) will last for 4 weeks (a month). We estimate the cost will be at least much cheaper than billboard or magazine advertisements (for the permission from the mall IDR 10 million per day). We plan to collaborate with the supermarket inside it where Monggo products are sold (we will put the supermarket logo on the board along with a sentence: â€Å"Find it Here! †and it can seen after all chocolates are gone). Why food courts? After people eat their lunch or dinner, they will be tempted to try and take the chocolate as a dessert; they know it? free because there? s a sentence printed on every chocolates that says: â€Å"Ayo diicip!? (â€Å"Eat me!? ). Not only that they will see the board as something new and very interesting; they will also feel curious of what is behind all the chocolates. The curiosity will create a buzz. When people take the chocolate and open 14 DARK IS BETTER it, then they will see Monggo’s logo. The inside wrapper of the small chocolates (where there is a Monggo logo on it) will also give a website link for those who are curious to find out what’s behind all the chocolates. After most of the chocolates are taken, a big Monggo advertisement will be revealed gradually. On the board (beside the big Monggo picture) will be a message (our marketing campaign): â€Å"Dark is Better† and (under big Monggo picture) â€Å"HighQuality dark chocolate from Indonesia† along with Monggo? s website address and information on where to get it the nearest. The website will explain the word â€Å"Dark is Better†. In the website, the benefits and difference of dark chocolate from regular chocolate will be emphasized. Not only that, the website will also give brand and product knowledge to anyone who accesses it. This strategy will also allow Monggo to give free samples of its delicious dark chocolate too. We project that all the chocolates will be gone in just hours (or even minutes). Through this, Monggo will be perceived as â€Å"creative? , â€Å"very Indonesia? (because of the wording â€Å"Ayo Diicip!? and its packaging design), â€Å"kind? (give free chocolates) and â€Å"Tasty? (after consumption). This also leads to impulsive buying and increase sales (all malls have supermarket where they can buy Monggo chocolates) ii. Improved Packaging Batik Packaging and Read Me Note: To Improve brand awareness and igher sales due to more creative and unique packaging (very distinctive ethnic packaging; eye catching in-store display), Inform Monggo’s consumers regarding the various health benefits of dark chocolate, Inform consumers that Monggo? s chocolate is a premium dark chocolate. Concept: To highlight the feel of Indonesia and add more information to Monggo? s consumers, we will add an essence of Batik to 15 DARK IS BETTER our chocolate bars packaging and slip in a small â€Å"Read Me† note in each bar. The concept revolves around a uniquely designed packaging for chocolate bars. The name â€Å"Monggo† will bein the form of a stencil with small batik material placed below it to give it a sense of Indonesian based chocolate. Indonesia? s batik prints have various patterns so we are able to use various prints for our chocolate bars. These batik bars will be sold at regular prices as mentioned above due to similar products (praline bars etc), refer to â€Å"Price† section of the situational analysis. As for the â€Å"Read Me† notes, it will be slipped into the chocolate bar package illustrated above. iii. Online Video Contest To spread our marketing campaign â€Å"Dark is Better?. Boost up Monggo Chocolate brand awareness. Increases more traffic to the official Monggo website. To generate awareness by encouraging participants to gather fellow supporters. Concept: Invite people to who want to create advertisement concept for Monggo in form of short movie via online media such as Facebook and Youtube. Twitter (@chocolatemonggo) will also be used in providing people the link to the contest. The winners will get contract with Monggo and their masterpiece will be published in media. Moreover, we will cut cost in advertising agency services as the most unique and attractive advertisement will be used for our purpose. The online advertisement competition consists of some themes, which will be published at the different period. They are: ? ? â€Å"Dark is Better† to be proved as creatively as possible in competing videos. Participants have to stress the benefits of dark chocolates. Conducted in English. â€Å"Asli Indonesia† (Bahasa for â€Å"Original from Indonesia†) Participants have to stress the classic traditional culture of Indonesia in that Monggo is the finest local chocolate brand†. Conducted in Bahasa. 16 DARK IS BETTER Each theme will have its own online competition that will be conducted for three (3) months. The whole competition information and submission can be accessed through Monggo official website. There will be only one winner for each theme and the prizes will be exclusive contract from Monggo and cash prize of IDR 5,000,000/winner. The duration of the video is limited to 3 minutes each. iv. Seasonal Improve brand awareness, sales, create a brand image of â€Å"creative, warm and considerate? , and increase brand loyalty. a. Valentine’s Day Cooking Class Concept: Hold Valentine? s special chocolate cooking class. The tag line will be: â€Å"Show your love with your own personalized handmade chocolate! Valentine? s day is celebrated everywhere in the world, including Indonesia. Monggo? s Valentine cooking class will be held annually and last only for 3 days (two sessions per day; three hours for each session). Only 50 seats will be available for each session. Attendants will be taught how to make delicious handmade chocolate using only the best ingredients supplied and p repared by Monggo. The class will be personally led by a set of professional chocolatiers: Thierry and other Indonesia chocolatiers; everything will be exclusive. One will only have to pay IDR 300. 00,- to attend the class, received a complimentary snack and take home the finished chocolate. Attendees will not have to be worried on the utensils or ingredients as they will all be prepared by Monggo beforehand. Promotion is done through internet marketing (facebook, twitter, blogs); brochure and free newsletters. Press and media will be invited to cover and publicize the stories. (timeline required) 17 DARK IS BETTER b. Yogyakarta Fair Concept: Promotion and sell Monggo chocolates at the biggest local event. Attract local interest to Monggo chocolates, emphasize Monggo? differentiation through personal selling and sampling Yogyakarta Fair is the biggest annual fair held and attended by millions of Indonesians every year. Usually the people who come to the fair are very open to try out new things. Monggo can sell its chocolate there and introduce its brand to the public. Using sales people with traditional clothes (â€Å"Kebaya† for the saleswomen and â€Å"Sarung† for the salesmen); and very ethnic stand exterior; surely Monggo will attract many people to come and try. There will also be promotional packages sold cheaper in bundle. c. Christmas Concept: Christmas is a holiday celebrated by most, and known to be one of the most festive seasons in town. Monggo chocolate celebrate Christmas by creating Christmas symbols chocolates, personalized christmas packaging and adapting a Javanese version of Santa Claus. We know that during Christmas season, chocolates are often purchased for gifts for loved ones, therefore, it is important for us to be able to be one of those chocolates people prefer to purchase. So far, Monggo have already created various chocolate shaped in Christmas symbols such as Santa Claus chocolates. We will continue product differentiation by designing even more such as Reindeer chocolates, Santa? s sleigh chocolates, candy cane chocolates and many more. In terms of packaging, we will also design them in a classic Christmas-y style, with its traditional green and red colors of Christmas. All this may seem quite a common strategy for other chocolates as well. However, we will keep in mind that we need differentiation. Monggo chocolate have already designed a Javanese Santa Claus for humor purposes and posted it on Facebook. But they haven? t used it in promotions or in their packaging. Therefore we will use this Javanese Santa Claus in our packaging, keeping in mind the Christmas spirit but not 18 DARK IS BETTER forgetting our strong traditional Indonesian background. Sold in a range from IDR 25. 000-IDR 45. 000 due to unique design and taste. We will also collaborate with churches during this holy month. We will request permission to sell our chocolates in their churches during advent months on weekends until Christmas D-Days and 20% of the proceeds will be given to the church for their charity purposes. The salesman will be in the Javanese Santa Claus to generate awareness and word of mouth. . Eid Celebration (Idul Fitri) Concept: Offers special Idul Fitri chocolate edition with typical festive elements as its attraction during Ramadhan period. To show contribution in celebrating Idul Fitri/Islamic New Year as it is one of the most important days in Indonesia, to attract more sales during Ramadhan (Fasting) period and Idul Fitri. Monggo will have a special  "ketupat† and â€Å"Bedug† shaped box which consists of 16 small 5 gram chocolates inside; a perfect snack during the Ramadhan period (usually Muslims look for sweet snacks as a dessert for their meal on fasting break). Keraton Monggo will also create special dining package during Ramadhan (Fasting) period for people to have Fasting break by serving sweet meal made of dark chocolate, such as: chocolate cakes, hot chocolate drinks, chocolate milkshakes, etc. The packaging itself will be made from eco-friendly (recycled) materials and it will be produced exactly the same with the real â€Å"Ketupat? and â€Å"Bedug?. Sold in a range from IDR 25. 000-IDR 45. 000 due to unique design and taste. 7. Corporate Social Responsibility In our opinion, CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce an overall positive impact on society. Another definition of CSR is: the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large (http://www. mallenbaker. net/csr/definition. php) Nowadays, the emphasis on being ethical and green, stress the importance of using CSR program(s). Monggo has several 19 DARK IS BETTER objectives/goals which they try to achieve by installing a CSR program in their daily business. Firstly, they hope this program can be used to contribute to the betterment of the Indonesian community. Secondly, to improve Monggos brand image as a concerned and tolerant one. Finally, to increase the (positive) word of mouth to improve brand awarenees, attract untouched market (environmentalists) and increase sales. Monggo has defined some ideas which will support and enhance their CSR program. We will describe these programs below. â€Å"Contribute to Cocoa Farmers! † Concept: The concept revolves around our first Corporate Social Responsibility strategy. For this concept, Monggo plans to help local cocoa beans farmers in forms of free trainings and giving free fertilizer. This CSR program is a win-win for both Monggo and the local cocoa farmers. Monggo has a comparative advantage in having the know-how in cocoa production technique thanks to Mr. Thierry who learnt all about it in Belgia. Moreover, all things considered, this strategy will come considerably cheaper than splurging on various high end advertisements. For this annual event, we intend to collaborate with Asosiasi Kakao Indonesia (Askindo) or Association of Indonesian Cocoa, who will help Monggo get in touch with the cocoa farmers across the country. To inform the consumers about this, we will create an in-store counter display (refer to the illustrations below) and also include it in our packaging. i. 20 DARK IS BETTER ii. â€Å"It? s recycled paper, it? s Monggo! † Concept: Monggo chocolate have been using and will continue to make use of recycled paper as its packaging. This is an additional point to support its Corporate Social Responsibility program. The problem is that there is a lack of public awareness of the fact that Monggo uses recyclable papers, as they have never used any form of informational aids. The first strategy is to add the â€Å"Reduce Reuse Recycle† logo and add â€Å"Made of Recycled Paper† in their packaging. Secondly, we will also have a program in which Monggo customers have the chance to collect 20 stamps in exchange

Smart phone Essays

Smart phone Essays Smart phone Essay Smart phone Essay Today, DNA is a very important part of our lives. DNA technology which means Deoxyribonucleic Acid is the famous technique that using in various medical fields. It gave the history of cells on the chromosomes In our body. Every cell has a unique DNA form. For example, chloroplasts In plant, and mitochondria In plants cells and animals cells. The scientists do a lot of research to development DNA technology In future. DNA helps government to perform many action in solving crime. Also, DNA technology can find medical solution in the future and can solve the ancient history. DNA technology have a lot of effect including historic mysteries, crime, and health. One of the most important effect of DNA technology is that the people can find medical solution in the future. A lot of disease now can be caused by mutant genes such as cancer, heart disease, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and kidney disease. DNA technology can explain the history of the families with different disease which can people avoid It in future. Also, the result of one person getting a test can give information about her or his relatives. For example, In Minnesota, a 51 year old Oman named Undead Malibu know that her family has a genetic history of cancer. The cancer halting her family so, her mom and her sister have died of cancer and there Is possibly to pass the genes to Nadia also. E also her mom and her sister have died of cancer. The DNA can show how the chance of getting the genes that could cause the cancer. She has decided not to take do the DNA examination because she was healthy but if she has signs of disease, she will get DNA examination. As a result, She will get checkups regularly to avoid the risk of disease if she know about it by getting the test of DNA. Take it . To sump up, there are millions of people can avoid the disease by do DNA test early, so they can feel more confident about their health in the future. Good start. I know you were running out of time, so It seems Like youll want to elaborate on the conclusion sentence. For grammar, watch out for run-ones and be careful of verb tense and form. Another main effect of DNA technology is people can solve the ancient history . There are many mysteries became clear by DNA technology. Archaeological solve a lot of mysteries that happened in the past and still mysteries for a long time by using DNA technology. They can answer many questions hat was mystify y self before . For example, Dry. Aziza haws want to know about some secrets of the ancient Egyptian kings by studding their mummies such as king TutankamunTutankhamun. s king Tutankhamen he was discovered the cause of death king Tutu. In 2008, Haws take a sample of king Tutus DNA extracted from his bone and he discovering that Tutankhamen had clubbed foot, one toe was missing a bone, and part of his foot were destroyed by necrosis. As a result of king Tutankhamen condition, he had 130 staffs In his tomb to help him to walk. Also he discovered the reason that cause death early when he was only 19 . As a r esult of Since he analyzing kinked Tutus DNA and ten other mummies, Haws know who of early death was that his parents was siblings. In fact, married sibling cause harmful genes passed to the children so they children became vulnerable to a variety of genetic defects. In future, scientists can use DNA technology to find more mysteries that in the ancient history. In fact, married sibling cause harmful genes passed to the children so they became vulnerable too variety of genetic defects. In short, developing of DNA technology helped scientists to solve ancient mystery like hysterics death of king Tutankhamen and his family have solved by DNA technology.. In conclusion, the effects of using Another primary effect of DNA technology is that police need it to solve most of crimes. One important uses of DNA technology is to identify the guilty of the crime. Also, the forensic investigators use DNA technology for many fields. For instance, in 1992, Arizona, there was plant helped investigators to solve murder case. The investigators analyze the seed pods of the Palo Verve tree which they have found in the suspects truck who was missed his pager at the scene of the crime. In addition, hey discovered the tree which at the scene of the crime has signs of hitting by truck. As a result, they analyzed the pods by DNA technology and they matching seed pods in the truck to specific tree and they found the same unique pattern. To sum up, DNA technology has significance to solve most crimes. Forensic believed that DNA can be solve mysterious crimes. In conclusion, the effects of using DNA technology are in historic mystics, health, and crime. The archaeological can solve historic mysteries by using DNA technology, the detectives can solve crime by analyze DNA and know the guilty, and we can take the accessory predicting to protect our health when we know our family genetic history. DNA solve a lot of crime and it will be development by scientists researchers. I see your cause-effect organization here, but the explanation of the example is poor. It Just seems like a random group of facts about King Tutu. We want it to be a chain of events involving DNA technology that leads to solving some part of ancient history. Also, the purpose is not clear here. Youve told us this information, but so what? There is nothing here that motivates me to learn about future possibilities.

Quotes From Beloved by Toni Morrison

Quotes From Beloved by Toni Morrison Editors Note: Toni Morrison passed away on August 5, 2019. Weve gathered highlights from one of her most celebrated novels to help you honor her work. Beloved is a novel by Toni Morrison, who uses flashbacks and other devices to draw us through the tragic series of events in Sethes life. A moment of insanity shaped the rest of her existence. She and those around her would never be the same. Here are a few quotes from this dark novel, Beloved. Notable Quotes from Toni Morrisons Beloved 124 was spiteful. Full of a babys venom.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1My first-born. All I can remember of her is how she loved the burned bottom of bread. Can you beat that? Eight children and thats all I remember.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1a pool of red and undulating light that locked him where he stood.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1If a Negro got legs he ought to use them. Sit down too long, somebody will figure out a way to tie them up.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1I got a tree on my back and a haint in my house, and nothing in between but the daughter I am holding in my arms. No more runningfrom nothing. I will never run from another thing on this earth. I took one journey and I paid for the ticket, but let me tell you something, Paul D Garner: it cost too much! Do you hear me? It cost too much.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1the house itself was pitching.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 1A man aint nothing but a man. But a son? Well, now, thats somebody- Toni Morrison, Belo ved, Ch. 2 The picture is still there and whats more, if you go thereyou who never was thereif you go there and stand in the place where it was, it will happen again; it will be there for you, waiting for you. So, Denver, you cant never go there. Never. Because even though its all overover and done withits going to always be there waiting for you.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 3Would it be all right? Would it be all right to go ahead and feel? Go ahead and count on something?- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 3To Sethe, the future was a matter of keeping the past at bay. The better life she believed she and Denver were living was simply not that other one.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 3Denver hated the stories her mother told that did not concern herself, which is why Amy was all she ever asked about. The rest was a gleaming, powerful world made more so by Denvers absence from it. Not being in it, she hated it and wanted Beloved to hate it too, although there was no chance of that at all.- Toni Morri son, Beloved, Ch. 6 Why was there nothing it refused? No misery, no regret, no hateful picture too rotten to accept? Like a greedy child it snatched up everything. Just once, could it say, No thank you? I just ate and cant hold another bite?- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 7I dont want to know or have to remember that. I have other things to do: worry, for example, about tomorrow, about Denver, about Beloved, about age and sickness not to speak of love. But her brain was not interested in the future. Loaded with the past and hungry for more, it left her no room to imagine, let alone plan for, the next day.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 7Come on, you may as well just come on.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 8Those white things have taken all I had or dreamed, she said, and broke my heartstrings too. There is no bad luck in the world but whitefolks.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 9Bit by bit, at 124 and in the Clearing, along with others, she had claimed herself. Freeing yourself was one thing; claiming ownership of that freed self was another.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 9 She had been so close, then closer. And it was so much better than the anger that ruled when Sethe did or thought anything that excluded herself. She could bear the hoursnine or ten of them each day but onewhen Sethe was gone. Bear even the nights when she was close but out of sight, behind walls and doors lying next to him. But noweven the daylight time that Beloved had counted on, disciplined herself to be content with, was being reduced, divided by Sethes willingness to pay attention to other things. Him mostly.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 9Making them think the next sunrise would be worth it; that another stroke of time would do it at last.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 10Only when she was dead would they be safe. The successful onesthe ones who had been there enough years to have maimed, mutilated, maybe even buried herkept watch over the others who were still in her cock-teasing hug, caring and looking forward, remembering and looking back.- Toni Morrison, Beloved, Ch. 10 Study Guide Questions for Study and Discussion This is worse than when Paul D came to 124 and she cried helplessly into the stove. This is worse. Then it was for herself. Now she is crying because she has no self.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 12She doesnt move to open the door because there is no world out there. She decides to stay in the cold house and let the dark swallow her like the minnows of light above. She wont put up with another leaving, another trick. Waking up to find one brother then another not at the bottom of the bed, his foot jabbing her spine. Sitting at the table eating turnips and saving the liquor for her grandmother to drink; her mothers hand on the keeping-room door and her voice saying, Baby Suggs is gone, Denver. And when she got around to worrying about what would be the case if Sethe died or Paul D took her away, a dream-come-true comes true just to leave her on a pile of newspaper in the dark.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 12If her boys came back one day, and Denver and Beloved stayed onwell, it would be the way it was supposed to be, no? Right after she saw the shadows holding hands at the side of the road hadnt the picture altered? And the minute she saw the dress and shoes sitting in the front yard, she broke water. Didnt even have to see the face burning in the sunlight. She had been dreaming it for years.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 13 It made them furious. They swallowed baking soda, the morning after, to calm the stomach violence caused by the bounty, the reckless generosity on display at 124. Whispered to each other in the yards about fat rats, doom and uncalled-for pride.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 15I would have known right away who you was when the sun blotted out your face the way it did when I took you to the grape arbor. I would have known at once when my water broke. And when I did see your face it had more than a hint of what you would look like after all these years. I would have known who you were right away because the cup after cup of water you drank proved and connected to the fact that you dribbled clear spit on my face the day I got to 124. I would have known right off, but Paul D distracted me. Otherwise I would have seen my fingernail prints right there on your forehead for all the world to see. From when I held your head up, out in the shed. And later on, when you asked me about the earrin gs I used to dangle for you to play with, I would have recognized you right off, except for Paul D.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 20 All the time, Im afraid the thing that happened that made it all right for my mother to kill my sister could happen again. I dont know what it is, I dont know who it is, but maybe there is something else terrible enough to make her do it again. I need to know what that thing might be, but I dont want to. Whatever it is, it comes from outside this house, outside the yard, and it can come right on in the yard if it wants to. So I never leave this house and I watch over the yard, so it cant happen again and my mother wont have to kill me too.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 21I am Beloved and she is mine. I see her take flowers away from leaves she puts them in a round basket the leaves are not for her she fills the basket she opens the grass I would help her but the clouds are in the way how can I say things that are pictures I am not separate from her there is no place where I stop her face is my own and I want to be there in the place where her face is and to be looking at it too a h ot thing.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 22 I see the dark face that is going to smile at me it is my dark face that is going to smile at me the iron circle is around our neck she does not have sharp earrings in her ears or a round basket she goes in the water with my face.-  Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 22I am not dead I sit the sun closes my eyes when I open them I see the face I lost Sethes is the face that left me Sethe sees me see her and I see the smile her smiling face is the place for me it is the face I lost she is my face smiling at me doing it at last a hot thing now we can join.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 22Quote 27: Seven-O! Seven-O!- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 24Dirty you so bad you couldnt like yourself anymore. And though she and others lived through and got over it, she could never let it happen to her own. The best things she was, was her children. Whites might dirty her all right, but not her best thing, her beautiful, magical best thing the part of her that was clean.- Toni Morrison,  Belove d, Ch. 26 You your best thing, Sethe. You are.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 27Everybody knew what she was called, but nobody anywhere knew her name. Disremembered and unaccounted for, she cannot be lost because no one is looking for her, and even if they were, how can they call her if they dont know her name? Although she has claim, she is not claimed.- Toni Morrison,  Beloved, Ch. 28

French policing- Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes Essay

French policing- Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes - Essay Example The minister of Budget, Public Accounts and Civil Service controls the Directorate-General. The Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes is responsible for ensuring that fraud is detected and tackled, indirect taxes are levied accordingly, smuggling is prevented at borders, counterfeit products are detected and dealt with, drug trafficking is prevented, money laundering is stopped, and borders are thoroughly surveyed (IMF, 1996). The Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes in France serves the purpose of guarding the borders, guarding the coasts, handling custom services and conducting rescue operations in the sea. The history of French custom services can be traced back to the revolutionary period. France formed a military custom service responsible for fighting in major wars which included the First World War and the Franco-Prussian War. This custom service was referred to as the General Firm. The servicemen who served in this custom service were armed and they acted as frontier guards, as well as performing other functions related to para-military activities such as patrolling to prevent smuggling (IMF, 1996). During that time, custom service workers were divided into two groups, those working in brigades and those working in offices. Those working in brigades were well organized, armed, disciplined and operated along military lines. Those working in offices were given the same duties and respon sibilities as custom inspectors in other countries. Individual custom officers serving the customs department later on wore blue uniforms with red stripes on the trousers. Most of them were known to be former soldiers. The customs service of the military took part in the initial stages of the Second World War. However, after French was defeated, the service was disbanded and never reconstituted again. The custom service in France has been tasked with the responsibility of custom and immigration checks at certain

Breaking the Cultural Barrier to Medicine Essay

Breaking the Cultural Barrier to Medicine - Essay Example As a compliment to that effort, we need to address our state grants to achieve that goal. Our higher educational institutions need to address this problem by establishing new educational programs, increasing cultural competence, and recruiting for diversity. Health care cultural competency begins with communication. Communication is more than simply knowing the language. Health seeking behaviors are affected by cultural mores and University cultural educational programs should focus on acquiring skills that can elicit the patient's response and define the illness and treatment within their social context (Kirpalani et al. 2006 p.1116). This should also be applied to patients who have limited literacy as these patients usually have less awareness of disease management (Frist 2005 p.447). A grant to establish a course curriculum in diversity communication is a necessary first step to reducing the disparity in the health of our citizens. These skills moderate the patient's participation in medical decisions and treatment. Communication is more than simply learning the language and the medical terminology. Communication must be culture based. University educational programs that address cultural sensitivity to assure that the caregiver is adequately communicating within the patient's cultural context are imperative. Grants are required to establish a curriculum that would relate the attitudes that ethnic populations may have in respect to illness, medicine, and surgery. Failure to understand the cultural context of minority medicine can result in a perception of insensitivity. A patient who feels like they are being treated unfairly will be less prone to seek treatment. A course in cultural communication could alleviate many communication problems. Grants should also be directed towards diseases that have been identified as minority prevalent. The addition of a University course relating the strategies designed to reduce risk among minority populations is needed. Cardiovascular disease in the Arabic and Farsi speaking communities and Sickle-cell disease among African-Americans are two examples. Because studies have indicated that genetics are involved in some health related issues between racial and ethnic groups, training that focuses on recognition of the problem is essential (McBride 2005 p. 181). By recognizing ethnic trends in disease prevalence, caregivers can design programs for early intervention and develop appropriate pharmaceutical requirements. Medical school should also include training on the appropriate handling of the issue of death and dying within different cultures. Knowing the role of privacy and the perception of bad news can prolong patient survival. According to Misra-Hebert (2003), "People in many cultures believe that informing the patient of a terminal diagnosis may hasten death" (p.298). A cultural sensitivity to this issue would also include an awareness of the cultural issues that surround the care of the dying as well as the expression of grief. University medical schools require grants to initiate a curriculum that addresses death and dying in diverse cultures. Adequate cultural competency would necessitate the inclusion of the awareness of this issue. State grants should also

The symbol of the relationship between Amir and Hassan Essay Example for Free

The symbol of the relationship between Amir and Hassan Essay In the book Kite Runner, the main characters Amir and Hassan have special relationships. Amir is in the superior position, while Hassan is the submissive one to Amir. As Hassan was Amir’s servant, Hassan sacrificed himself in order to forgive Amir’s sins. Amir realized that his sins were not simple mistakes that could be forgiven. Amir’s abuse of his superiority brought him only sufferings to himself, not any benefits. This created the Fall in the relationship and eventually that fall brought the end, death, to their relationship. However, Amir’s dedication to wash his guilt brought a rebirth to their relationship in the end. Amir and Hassan’s relationship was very complicated, as their relationship undermined chronologically. At first, their relationship was very pleasant almost as close as if they were in a same bloodline; â€Å"Then he would remind us that there was a brotherhood between people who had fed from the same breast, a kinship that not even time could break †¦ We took our first steps on the same lawn in the same yard† (Hosseini 11). This explains that they were like brothers since they were born. However, the perspectives of the people do not allow two people with different classes to get along well: â€Å"We were at Ghargha Lake, you[Amir] , me[Hassan] , Father, Agha sahib, Rahim Khan, and thousands of other people †¦ no one was swimming because they said a monster had come to the lake †¦ and before anyone can stop you[Amir], you dive into the water, start swimming away. I[Hassan] follow you in and we’re both swimming †¦ We turn to the shore and wave to the people †¦ They see now. There is no monster, just water† (Hosseini 59-60). This shows that even though there was social discrimination between Pasthun and Hazara, they could get along well. After the kite fighting, Hassan wanted to bring Amir the blue kite back for him. He left to search for the kite and said, â€Å"For you, a thousand times over† (Hosseini 67). This shows that Hassan is in good relationship with Amir, not just as a servant, but still as a friend. However, the sacrifice for the kite was willingly done by Hassan and the guilt Amir got from Hassan’s deed undermined their relationship. This change in relationship was shown during the pomegranate scene: â€Å"Hit me back! † I[Amir] spat. â€Å"Hit me back goddamn you! † I wished he[Hassan] would. I wished he’d give me the punishment I craved, so maybe I’d finally sleep at night †¦ Then Hassan did pick up a pomegranate. He opened it and crushed it against his own forehead. â€Å"There,† †¦ â€Å"Are you satisfied? Do you feel better? † (Hosseini 92-93). Moreover, Amir explained about the change in their relationship like this: â€Å"There is no monster, he’d said, just water. Except he’d been wrong about that. There was a monster in the lake. It had grabbed Hassan by the ankles, dragged him to the murky bottom. I was that monster† (Hosseini 86). The relationship worsened and eventually fell apart when Hassan and Ali left Amir’s house. Amir and Baba left Kabul and went to the United States for peaceful life. Although Amir grew older and a long time passed, he could not forget about his sin toward Hassan. The death of the relationship he created was too intense for Amir to overcome. In order to live without guilt, he searched a way to settle everything as it were before; Amir went back to Kabul in order to wash his sin with Farid’s help. His eager to get recognized by his father when he was little led him go to Kabul and risk his life to cleanse his past and to reinvigorate the relationship between Amir and Hassan. â€Å"I felt at peace. I laughed because I saw that, in some hidden nook in a corner of my mind, I’d even been looking forward to this. I remembered the day on the hill I had pelted hassan with pomegranates and tried to provoke him he’d taken the pomegranate from my hand, crushed it against his forehead †¦ I hadn’t been happy and I hadn’t felt better, not at all. But I did now. My body was broken but I felt healed. Healed at last. I laughed† (Hosseini 289). As a result of this treatment, Amir recreated the lost friendship and restructured the old family, however, without the barrier between the superior and the inferior. In the end, Amir forgave himself by establishing the new relationship between him and Sorab. The resolution of the story is reached by the love Amir provided to Sorab with the â€Å"Kite†. Just like Hassan, the kite runner for Amir with the self-sacrifice, Amir became Sorab’s kite runner in order to give him love that he failed to give to Hassan. Amir also said this to his son, Sorab: â€Å"For you, a thousand times over† (Hosseini 371). This decorates the grand finale of the story with happy-ending. Social Conflicts: the Superior and the Inferior According to the book â€Å"Kite Runner†, it deals with the conflict between the superior and the inferior: Pashtun and Hazara. As it was shown in the book, the inferior suffers with the sacrifice and the superior abuses his power for his own satisfaction. These things actually has been happening in the real life in many cultures. A lot of incidents are the â€Å"Fall† of the human societies that need to be fixed, but cannot because of the influence of other people and the culture. More specifically, race, gender and ages are the main Falls of the human societies that can still be seen throughout the world. In terms of race, this problem has still not been completely solved; there are still a lot of racist movements and creating stereotypical jokes about races. These racist movements come from a thought that specific ethnic group feels that they are superior to the others, such as Nazis. For example, in Korea, we have a lot of stereotypical thoughts about specific ethnic groups. A lot of people are very racist against black people just because they were the victims of the slaves before the equality movements. Some people even refer the black people as â€Å"black slaves† or other slangs that we have, similar to the English racist word, the â€Å"n-word†. I personally consider this a serious problem. We also think that Japanese people are bad because of our dependency on the past perspectives. In the past our views toward the Japanese were terrible because of the Japanese occupation in Korea. Moreover, we often generalize about the Japanese people because the government is wrong and a person states a wrong view. For example, there is a Korean island, Dokdo. It has been our territory for over a thousand year, and recently, the Japanese government decided to teach the children that Dokdo is theirs, calling it in their own way, Dakesima. This was one of the reason we started to hate the Japanese people, when we actually have to hate the Japanese government. These racist thoughts are not disappearing but turning into some kind of jokes that people make fun of other races. More of a general topic is gender. The human genders are equal according to the laws, however, there are still discrimination between men and women. Throughout the history, men have been superior to women because men are stronger. Even though it’s been improved, women have disadvantages in a lot of matters. For example, my cousin is 29, and she works as a teacher at a school. There are two English teachers and she is one of them. I was mad that our society is still biased that men are better than women when she said that even though they teach same amount of time, she gets less money than the other teacher, just because she is a woman and the other teacher is a man. We can see this kind of Fall in more global terms; there has been no woman president yet in America and in many other countries. This shows that people are biased against women, but do not show that they are prejudiced. This clearly shows the Fall of our societies in terms of gender issues. Last one is very specific issue that as far as I know, only two countries have troubles with: Japan and Korea. It was originally a Japanese culture that derived from Confucianism about how elders must be respected by the younger ones. This seems like a general rule that a lot of people go by, but this was a little bit extreme in Japan to the extent where only one year difference makes the older one the superior and the younger one the inferior. This culture came into Korea when Korea was under Japanese rule. It is still in practice even among the McCallie Korean community. First of all the most ridiculous aspect about this custom is that we use polite language to the older ones. For example, if it was for English, we would put Mr.or Mrs. in front of their name and we would not say anything that will offend the older ones, not even jokes. It really reflects the relationship between Amir and Hassan. I can compare the older people to Amir and the younger people to Hassan. The older and younger people have friendship but also the younger one has to respect the older ones, just like Hassan obeys Amir. This is a â€Å"Fall† in korean societies. I think it is too conservative culture that we keep for no reason. We have Confucianism rooted in our societies even the parts that should not be applied in nowadays. Overall, globally, there are still a lot of â€Å"Falls† that we can connect to the relationship between Amir and Hassan. Race superiority, gender difference, and status difference by age are just categories that we should get rid of because they are out of date. According to the laws, all the race and gender are the same. The custom about the age in Korea and Japan is very inefficient custom that will hold us back from economic growth and political growth. These are the â€Å"Falls† that might bring â€Å"Death† to our societies, which we might not be able to find a way to recuperate. Therefore, we should just stop the â€Å"Fall†s and rise up. Writer’s Memo By doing this project, I could really focus on Analysis with quotations and connecting the main themes of the analysis with my personal essay. When I first talked about the project with Mr. Chakwin, I was still not sure about the essay writing about the Korean society because it was weird to criticize my own culture. On the other hand, I thought this could be a great experience writing a paper about problems that I encounter in the near society. Moreover, by reading the Kite Runner, I truly understood how we can see the Falls in our societies that need to be fixed. It was a bit of a shock to realize that we still have so many problems in our world, which should have been resolved in the earlier era. I think it was very worthwhile moment I had writing and really think about the problems that my generation will have to deal with in the future. Process Journal For the process of this project, I shared this document through e-mail so you can see the revision history. I basically thought of the things to write when you were talking about the pomegranate scene during the class and how that could relate to specific examples. I started writing in the writing center, but since I don’t have Microsoft Word on my computer, I just sent myself an e-mail of the work process. So you can’t see the earlier works that I did before the exam week, but you can still see how my essay changed Bibliography Chakwin, Tim. Talk about the Pomegranate Scene. Personal interview. May 2013. Hosseini, Khaled. The Kite Runner. New York: Riverhead, 2003. Print. Larson, Marisa. Hazara People. National Geographic. National Geographic, 17th June 2008. Web. 29 May 2013..

Re-Identifying God in Experience Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Rel

Re-Identifying God in Experience ABSTRACT: If an alleged experience of God can constitute evidence for God’s existence, then it must be possible for God to be a perceptual particular, that is, a substantive, enduring object of perception. Furthermore, if several such experiences are to be cumulative evidence for God’s existence, then it must be possible to reidentify God from experience to experience. I examine both a "conceptual" and an "epistemological" argument against these possibilities that is derived from the work of Richard Gale. I argue that neither of these arguments is successful. For God to be a perceptual particular, he must have an inner life; for God to be reidentified across experiences, he need not exist in dimensions analogous to the spatiotemporal. If an alleged experience of God is to provide evidence for God's existence, it must be possible for God to be a perceptual particular: a substantive, enduring object of perception. If several such experiences are to be cumulative evidence for God's existence, it must be possible to re-identify God from experience to experience. I want to examine arguments against each of these possibilities. These arguments are, respectively, a "conceptual" and an "epistemological" argument embedded in the writings of Richard Gale.(1) On Gale's conceptual argument, for us to have a coherent concept of an object, O, as a perceptual particular: (1) We must know what it means for O to exist when not perceived. (2) O must be able to be the common object of different experiences, and (3) We must be able to understand the distinction between numerical and qualitative identity with regard to O. We need these requirements to distinguish perceptual from "phenomenal p... ...1) Richard Gale, On the Nature and Existence of God (Cambridge University Press), pp. 326-343, and Richard Gale, "Why Alston's Mystical Doxastic Practice is Subjective," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 54 (1994), 869-875. (2) 'Why Alston's," p. 872. (3) P. F. Strawson, Individuals, An Essay in Descriptive Metaphysics (London: Methuen, 1964), p. 37. (4) Individuals, p. 81. (5) Individuals, p. 77. (6) Gareth Evans, "Things Without the Mind - A Commentary upon Chapter Two of Strawson's Individuals, in Zak Van Straaten, ed., Philosophical Subjects, Essays Presented to P.F. Strawson (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980), pp. 76-116. (7) See Jonathan Bennett, Kant's Analytic (Cambridge: 1966), p. 37 (8) See Evans, "Things Without the Mind," pp. 81-82. (9) See Merold Westphal, God, Guilt, and Death (Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1984).

Analysis the Song “The Way We Were” Essay

There is a song—a love song that has touched several hundred thousand audiences’ hearts; it expresses the overflowing feelings of a woman who used to live in her intense true love. â€Å"The Way We Were,† by Alan Bergman, Marilyn Bergman, and Marvin Hamlisch illustrates the innermost emotions and regret of a middle-aged woman when she reflects on the youth which she had gone through. This song has a light beat and slow tempo forming delightful sensations for the listeners, but it also leaves audiences a profound message to think about. Sophisticated audiences may find themselves in the song. It brings out fervor, especially for people who have been living in love. Marilyn Bergman uses simple words, but it is very touching and emotive. Basically, it is a classical song which was played by symphony orchestras and performed by Barbra Streisand. By just looking at the lyrics, one would feel the sentimental soul and an introspective mind of a sensitive woman. In the first line of the song, she writes â€Å"Memories, light the corners of my mind. Misty watercolor memories of the way we were. These memories have been engraved in her heart; they are neither gloomy nor euphoric, but they are vivid images which she wants to repress in the most innermost sphere of her mind. It is not just something very hurtful; it is not blissful to think of either. Her feeling is a mixture of nostalgia, melancholy, and a little bit of regret that is rushing through her body. Former familiar scenes were depicted in her mind, but, somehow, t hey are both painted with watercolor and blurred, symbolizing a mystical ethereal world that solely exists in her imagination and belongs to her only. Near the middle of the song she wonders, â€Å"If we had the chance to do it all again. Tell me would we? Could we? † She already knows her former love would never come back again; the melody sounds like she is missing and regretting her loss of love. The term â€Å"Would we? Could we? † is deliberately sung slowly and softly as mumbling is also a way to convey her thoughts. Despite her haunting regret, she prefers keeping that regret to making up her love again because she knows wistful moments and romantic longings that she has right now wouldn’t exist if her love remained today. It is such an uncanny feeling and an agonizing struggle between the logic and the sentiment of a human being. The last couple lines expose changes in her mood, â€Å"Memories may be beautiful and yet what’s too painful to remember. We simply choose to forget, so it’s the laughter we will remember whenever we remember the way we were. † She used to live in love with both happiness and bitterness, but she had to learn how to forget unpleasant experiences to keep the most exquisite feelings inside herself. Does she â€Å"simply† choose to forget? It is not something easy to do. The way Barbra Streisand sings shows internal struggling when she decides to get rid of mental pains. The word â€Å"laughter† here is not simply something funny and delightful to laugh at; it is also a pang of remorse and regret about the love and the youth that are gone from her life. Marilyn Bergman used simple words to describe emotion of the woman in this song, so it is quite easy for listeners to apprehend the meaning; however, its melody and the way Barbra Streisand performs it, the most essential factor, helps the song convey the message to audiences . The intended stress in every single word of her lyrics is absolutely touching. For example, the word â€Å"smiles† in the second line was purposely lengthened to give a hint to the audiences so that they can comprehend the whole significance of the song. It is a beautiful song evoking diverse memories for listeners. Each listener will feel and interpret the song in different ways depending on their character and their personal experiences. However, one thing for sure is that these audiences will feel more appreciative of people around them so that they will not be regretful later on.

Sociological Perspective

The Sociological perspective stresses the social context in which people live. In other words it’s why we do the things that we do, such as our beliefs, attitudes, and guidelines we live by. It examines how these contexts influence people’s lives. It can also be defined as understanding human behavior by placing it within its broader social context. At the center of the sociological perspective is the question of how groups influence people, especially how people are influenced by society. A society is a group of people who share a culture and a territory. Sociology is similar to the other social sciences; it is also different as well. The other social sciences include anthropology, economics, political science, and psychology. Like sociology, anthropology studies the culture within. It also studies a group structure, belief systems, and deals with communication. Economics is similar to sociology because if refers to how societies goods and services are distributed, and how that distribution results in inequality. With political science you study how people govern one another, and how those in power affect people’s lives. Last but not least there’s psychology. Like sociology, psychology studies how people adjust to the difficulties of life. With similarities come all kinds of differences in most cases. Sociologists focus primarily on industrialized societies unlike anthropology which focus on tribal people. Economists and political science focus on more than one social institution, sociology focus on a single institution. Unlike psychologists, sociologists stress factors external to the individual to determine what influences people and how they adjust to life. Psychologists focus on the internal parts of your life. Most of the questions on the common sense quiz were a little shocking. Half of them were really shocking to me. One that surprises me was number two. One thing that really surprises me is the fact that women’s earnings have only gone up slightly. You would think that in the world we live today it would be equal well, to me it should be. It’s been many years since women have not been treated equally. I like to treat everyone equally, that should be the way of life. The fact that crime rate outside of fast-food restaurants is higher than crime rates outside of topless bars is very surprising and somewhat funny. I can see why though, sort of, like it said; topless bars hire security so I guess that’s the reason why the crime rates higher at a place that doesn’t have any security at all. It’s funny because there’s usually a lot of people outside of a fast-food restaurant and what are they going to do run through the drive threw and steal your food. Extensive testing of Islamic terrorist’s shows that they’re more normal then mentally ill. Get out of here, someone that wants to kill their own race and sacrifice themselves is most certainly mentally ill. Ok, there doing it because they think that that’s what there god wants. I just think that someone that wants to sacrifice themselves to their gods is mentally ill; to me it’s just not the way of life. Another one that was shocking to me was that bicyclists today that wear helmets are more likely to have a head injury than the bicyclists that don’t wear a helmet. I can see that the reason why is because the ones that wear the helmet are more likely to do something crazy than the ones without. It just really surprises me cause you think the ones not wearing a helmet would cause more head injuries. I’m terrified to do something crazy on a bike therefore I don’t need a helmet but you should always wear one. In conclusion sociology is a lot more interesting to me than any other science. It studies why we do the things that we do, and why different cultures have different ways of life. I know I’m really going to enjoy the rest of this class and will learn many new things that I never thought of before.

Saving the Forest and Climate Changes

Saving the Forest and Climate Changes A global climatic change is commonly referred to as global warming. It involves the scope and pace at which a number of both physical and chemical changes take place in the world altering the nature from its original state to a hazardous condition.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Saving the Forest and Climate Changes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This degradation in the physical environment has been suggested by numerous scientists to be caused by different factors including carbon monoxide emissions (CO2 gases), some greenhouse gases and many other. Patricia Campbell, MacKinnon and Stevens (125) argue that the greenhouse gases are released as a result of human, industrial and land usage activities, for instance, in a process of deforestation, etc. The greenhouse gases from such emissions play a key role in the depletion of the most essential ozone layer, thereby increasing the solar heating effect on the adjacent Earth’s surface as well as the rate of suns radiation on the atmosphere, hence leading to global warming. Most of the greenhouse gases are poisonous to humans and other forms of life on the earth; these are chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane, aerosols, sulphur dioxide, hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), carbon monoxide and others. In spite of being poisonous, these gases have always acted as buffers by absorbing the sun’s heat and preserving it to increase the impact of global warming on the earth’s atmosphere. The global warming effect is a catastrophe that has led to decreased levels of agricultural productivity and scorching of human skin. Global warming is on the rise nowadays due to wanton deforestation activities of humans causing widespread levels of desertification and aridity all over the globe. Regardless of the importance of forests and other vegetations in controlling the high rates of global warming and rainfall formation, it seems that humans have decided to destroy their natural ecosystems and habitats through chopping trees for timbers, charcoal and furniture. In fact, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the rate of global deforestation grew at an alarming rate between 2000 and 2005. The report added that the reasons for global deforestation activities ranged from land clearing for agricultural purposes, building of new houses, commercial logging and timber to creating space for commercial developments, plants, etc. The study also recorded that up to 53,000 square miles occupied by the tropical rain forest were shattered yearly beginning with the 1980s (Honey 14). Discussed below are some of the harmful effects of deforestation on the rate of global climatic changes.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The emission and formation of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas in the atmosph ere has been largely linked to the wanton destruction of trees and vegetation in regard to the fact that trees and greenery are responsible for the â€Å"consumption† or intake of the excess carbon dioxide gas released from animals as metabolic wastes; hence, when the forests are cut down (due to deforestation activities), CO2 gas accumulates in the atmosphere to trap and store solar heat and radiations. Some trees, especially in tropical rain forests, assist in reducing the rates of water evaporative cooling by forming canopies that cover and protect the underlying vegetation from direct excess solar heat, hence always keeping the greenery and soils wet, thereby increasing the levels of atmospheric moisture. Forests and other vast vegetations also act as water catchments by raising a region’s humidity levels and causing rainfalls, for instance, tropical rains. Due to the interconnectivities in tropical ecosystems, the effect of deforestation always spreads and extends to very large areas from the exact point of deforestation. The destruction of trees results into devastation of natural habitats for the millions of other plants and animals, especially small insects and birds that also play major roles in soil formation and trees pollination respectively. In fact, to some greater extent, deforestation leads to outbreaks of communicable diseases, e.g. malaria, in regard that logging roads from deforestation activities always act as disease carriers. For instance, Peru experienced high cases of malaria attacks of up to 64,000 cases in 2007 due to accumulation of pools of water in the holes left by logging roads allowing the growth of increased number mosquitoes, which transmit malaria through their bites. Moreover, extreme logging leads to an increased level of contraction of the human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) from bushmeat in tropical zones (White 21). Summary Deforestation activities make humans very vulnerable to natural calamities, such a s aridity, desertification due to the tendency of creation of bare lands from deforestation, soil erosion and mass flows in mountainous regions. These factors play key roles in the global climatic changes and patterns; for example, aridity is a disaster that leaves soils bare exposing them to the adverse effects of the solar heating and radiation. Another calamity of massive mudslides befell Philippines and Indonesia hitting their major towns and causing a lot of havoc due to deforestation (Driml Common 4).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Saving the Forest and Climate Changes specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In fact, according to the United Nations Statistics, the economic benefits of the deforestation are emphasized in the following ways. It is said that the forests act as sources of food, medicine and fuel to about 1.6 billion people in the entire globe. The scientists also found that up to about 2/3 of animal sp ecies lived in the woods, hence they acted as habitats for many animals and plants. The analysis also reported that deforestation caused up to about 20 percent of the yearly greenhouse gases emissions in the 1990s. Campbell, Patricia, MacKinnon, Aran and Christy Stevens. An Introduction to Global Studies. United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. Print. Driml, Sally and Mick Common. Ecological Economics Criteria for Sustainable Tourism: Application to the Great Barrier Reef and Wet Tropics World Heritage Areas, Australia. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 4.1(1996): 3-16. Honey, Martha. Ecotourism and Sustainable Development: Who owns Paradise? Washington, DC: Island Press, 1998. Print. White, Lynsey. The Need for Effective Partnerships to Address the Bushmeat Trade. Washington: Integrating Conservation Development in Central Africa, n.d. library.conservation.org. Web.